This is by no means a comprehensive and complete list of homemade lures and tackle, but for local fisheries I like to tie up my own jigs, make my own spoons and twist up my own spinners.
For jig tying you should take a look at Bent Rod's website for a jig tying starter kit. Most tackle shops will also have the supplies you need for tying materials, like schlappen, marabou and rabbit fur. Youtube is a great resource for watching other people share what they have learned and showing you how to get started.
For spoons and spinners, most of what you need can be purchased locally, but spinners require a wire former to twist up the wire. A good one can cost upwards of $100 so it might not be something you want to start with. Spoons can be bought bare and in bulk and with a bag of split rings, some hooks and swivels you can start making some basic lures. Again, Youtube is a great resource to get started.
I hope some others will chime in on the discussion, but I can tell you that it's a great feeling having a lure you made hook a fish!