https://engage.gov.bc.ca/app/uploads/sites/426/2019/03/Wild-Salmon-Advisory-Council-Report.pdfThe vast majority of the estimated 423 steelhead populations in B.C. belong to three major genetic groups. In
addition, there are two transition groups that reflect genetic mixing. Steelhead population status in the North
Coast, which spans an area over the northern half of the steelhead range within B.C., is informed mainly by the
state of Skeena steelhead, which appears to have been stable over the past 20-years, fluctuating near or above
biological reference points intended to sustain steelhead production. Steelhead status within the Northern
Transition group is informed by Dean and Bella Coola steelhead. Dean steelhead may have undergone a decline to
the mid-2000s, while Bella Coola steelhead have clearly declined and remain in a state of relatively low abundance.
In Southern B.C., steelhead population status involves three groups (South Coast, South Interior and the Southern
Transition). Each is in a state of decline. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC)
has classified the Thompson and Chilcotin populations as Endangered and at imminent risk of extinction. In the
South Coast, pinniped predation, extreme climate events and forestry-related stream degradation are contributing
to wide spatial scale declines, most dramatic among winter-run populations. Most recently, a decline in Gold River
steelhead is particularly noteworthy given its history as a premier B.C. steelhead stream
Steelhead and cutthroat trout: Many commented that a targeted focus on Pacific salmon within
provincial jurisdiction (steelhead and cutthroat trout) and particularly those populations under threat of
extinction, was missing from the Wild Salmon Strategy Options Paper. Several suggested that there is an
immediate need for the development and implementation of emergency recovery plans for endangered
populations. Connections between coastal commercial harvest restrictions and weak stock management
meant to protect vulnerable runs were noted, as were other possible stressors and management actions for
at-risk steelhead populations. Examples:
• Recovery and rebuilding plan
• Selective fishing
• Emergency stock enhancement
• Thompson and Chilcotin steelhead
• COSEWIC listings
• Connection to Marine Stewardship Council certification in commercial fishery