This is going on my FB page later tonight but thought I'd share it here first, so nobody could bicker...
It doesn’t get brighter than this! This Chilliwack River chinook jack was not just silver, but it had some unique spotting patterns on its head.
A chinook jack is a male chinook salmon which return to its natal stream one or two years earlier than it’s supposed to. These smaller males are reproductively mature, so can spawn with other females once they reach the spawning grounds.
Why exactly does this phenomenon occur, nobody really knows. Jacks can occur in other salmonid species as well, but they are most common among chinook and coho salmon. For a long time, we often think of jacks as more inferior than other specimens, but they are in fact an insurance policy which may keep the populations alive. Because they return a year or two earlier, they end up spawning with fish from a different cycle. It’s the only way for two different year cycles of salmon to interact genetically, keeping the stocks diverse and strong.
If you have been fishing the Chilliwack/Vedder River this fall, you’d probably notice the higher abundance of chinook jacks compared to previous years. There is a good explanation for it.
In 2019, under the Southern resident killer whale recovery plan, DFO decided to double the chinook salmon production at Chilliwack River Hatchery from 1 million to 2 million fish. Because the announcement came pretty late, the hatchery was only able to increase the production to 1.25 million fish.
The jacks you are catching today, are progeny of the 2019 broods. The 1/4 increase of the production, has resulted in a pretty good surge of jacks, and most likely a higher return of adults from the same broods next year. In 2020, the hatchery did reach the 2 million fish production target, so you can imagine how many more jacks we will see next year, and how many more adults we will see in 2023!
The chinook jacks are also quite a bit larger than previous year’s. The Chilliwack River regulations define jacks as chinook salmon which are under 62cm in length. Many jacks caught this year have been either just below or above that 62cm mark. This might suggest that ocean conditions are finally favourable for our salmon once again.
It’s easy to be caught up by the grim news of our salmon in the media, instead of learning these unique, positive stories of individual fish. We need to focus on these glimmers of hope, rather than assuming fish stock declines are imminent.